Jyoti Bashyal

At constant temperature and pressure, G must be less than 0 for a reaction to be thermodynamically favorable. However, it is possible to force a reaction with G > 0 to proceed by adding outside energy or “coupling” an unfavorable … Read more

The concepts of Gibbs free energy and equilibrium constant are fundamental principles within the realm of thermodynamics. Equilibrium is attained in a system when the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equivalent. In this particular instance, it can … Read more

Chemical bonds are commonly known as intramolecular forces, which distinguishes them from intermolecular forces that occur between molecules. Intramolecular forces are the forces that hold atoms together within a molecule. Intermolecular forces are forces that exist between molecules. What are Intramolecular … Read more

The cell potential is the measure of potential difference between two half cells in an electrochemical cell. It is represented by the symbol Ecell​. In order to create effective and efficient energy sources, engineers need to possess the ability to calculate … Read more

Atomic structure is the arrangement of subatomic particles within the atom. An atom is a complicated configuration of negatively charged electrons grouped around a positively charged nucleus in certain shells. Protons and neutrons make up the majority of the atom’s … Read more

An elementary reaction in chemistry is a type of chemical reaction that occurs in a single step, with only one transition state involved in the conversion of reactants to products. An elementary reaction lacks the ability to decompose into simpler … Read more