Isotopes (A Level Chemistry Revision Notes)

Isotopes

The term “isotope” refers to one of two or more species of atoms of a chemical element that share the same atomic number and position in the periodic table as well as nearly identical chemical behavior, but have different atomic … Read more

Atomic Radii (A Level Chemistry Revision Notes)

Atomic radii

The atomic radius of an element is the typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the boundary surrounding the electron cloud. Since the boundary is not a well-defined entity, there are various nonequivalent definitions of atomic radius. According … Read more

Nitriles (A Level Chemistry Revision Notes)

Nitriles

Nitriles are considered a derivative of hydrocyanic acid (HCN). When the hydrogen atom of HCN is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, the compounds obtained are called cyanides or nitriles. The organic derivatives of hydrocyanic acid HCN are alkyl … Read more

Amines (A Level Chemistry Revision Notes)

Amines

Amines are the class of organic compounds obtained by replacing one, or more hydrogen atoms of ammonia with alkyl groups. On the basis of the number of alkyl groups present in the compounds, amines are classified as primary secondary, tertiary. … Read more

Esters (A Level Chemistry Revision Notes)

Ester Functional Group

Esters are the derivatives of carboxylic acids containing -COOR as a functional group, in which the -OH group of a carboxylic acid is replaced by the -OR group. Esters are important derivatives of an acid. The ester of a carboxylic … Read more