Kabita Sharma 
Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) is a type of electron spectroscopy that detects electrons produced by Auger relaxation processes. It is a non-destructive core-level electron spectroscopy used to determine the elemental composition of surfaces, thin films, and interfaces in a semi-quantitative … Read more
Aniline is an aromatic derivative in which a hydrogen atom of the benzene ring has been replaced by an amino group -NH2. Aniline is also known as aminobenzene or phenylamine. It has a chemical formula of C6H7N or C6H5NH2 that contains Six … Read more
Nitro compounds are a type of organic compound distinguished by the presence of one or more nitro functional groups (NO2) directly attached to the carbon of the hydrocarbon chain or aromatic ring. Nitro compounds are typically created via a variety … Read more
Hydrocarbons are organic chemical compounds entirely made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Hydrocarbons are naturally occurring substances that serve as the foundation for crude oil, natural gas, coal, and other vital energy sources. They are highly combustible, emitting carbon dioxide, water, and heat … Read more
Nitriles are considered a derivative of hydrocyanic acid (HCN). When the hydrogen atom of HCN is replaced by an alkyl or aryl group, the compounds obtained are called cyanides or nitriles. The organic derivatives of hydrocyanic acid HCN are alkyl … Read more
A homologous series is a group of chemical compounds that differ from one another by the methylene ( CH2) group. The most basic examples of homologous series are the first four hydrocarbons i.e., methane, ethane, propane, and butane, with chemical formulae CH4, … Read more
Amides are carboxylic acid derivatives of amines. A carboxylic acid has the -COOH group, and in amide, the -OH group of the carboxylic acid is substituted by the -NH2 (amino) group, resulting in the -CONH2 group. They are therefore compounds … Read more
Chelating agents control metal ions by inhibiting the metal ion reactive sites and preventing them from entering their regular (often unwanted) reactions. Chelating substances that establish the most stable bonds with metal ions will be the most effective at preventing metal … Read more
Gas-Liquid Chromatography (GLC) is a separation methodology that employs a gaseous mobile phase, typically an inert gas like helium or a nonreactive gas like nitrogen, and a liquid stationary phase. The fundamental principle underlying separation is based on the difference … Read more