Periodic Table with Charges

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You may learn a lot about an element’s characteristics from its position in the periodic table as well as from its arrangement. This periodic table with charges is a helpful means to keep a record of the most common oxidation numbers for each element. An atom’s charge is determined by the difference between its protons (positive charge) and electrons (negative charge). Each element has a distinct number of protons in the center of its atom, or nucleus. However, as atoms frequently lose or receive electrons, determining their charge can be difficult.

Periodic Table with Charges
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Elements in Periodic Table with Charges

This is a chart of the most common charges for atoms in chemical elements. This chart can help you forecast whether or not an atom will bond with another atom. The charge of an atom is determined by its valence electrons or oxidation state. An element’s outer electron shell is most stable when it is entirely or partially filled. The most prevalent charges aim to maximize the atom’s stability. Other charges may apply, however.

For example, hydrogen might have a charge of zero or, less typically, -1. Although noble gas atoms usually always have a zero charge, they do create compounds in which they can gain or lose electrons and have a charge.

NumberElementCharge
1hydrogen1+
2helium0
3lithium1+
4beryllium2+
5boron3-, 3+
6carbon4+
7nitrogen3-
8oxygen2-
9fluorine1-
10neon0
11sodium1+
12magnesium2+
13aluminum3+
14silicon4+, 4-
15phosphorus5+, 3+, 3-
16sulfur2-, 2+, 4+, 6+
17chlorine1-
18argon0
19potassium1+
20calcium2+
21scandium3+
22titanium4+, 3+
23vanadium2+, 3+, 4+, 5+
24chromium2+, 3+, 6+
25manganese2+, 4+, 7+
26iron2+, 3+
27cobalt2+, 3+
28nickel2+
29copper1+, 2+
30zinc2+
31gallium3+
32germanium4-, 2+, 4+
33arsenic3-, 3+, 5+
34selenium2-, 4+, 6+
35bromine1-, 1+, 5+
36krypton0
37rubidium1+
38strontium2+
39yttrium3+
40zirconium4+
41niobium3+, 5+
42molybdenum3+, 6+
43technetium6+
44ruthenium3+, 4+, 8+
45rhodium4+
46palladium2+, 4+
47silver1+
48cadmium2+
49indium3+
50tin2+, 4+
51antimony3-, 3+, 5+
52tellurium2-, 4+, 6+
53iodine1-
54xenon0
55cesium1+
56barium2+
57lanthanum3+
58cerium3+, 4+
59praseodymium3+
60neodymium3+, 4+
61promethium3+
62samarium3+
63europium3+
64gadolinium3+
65terbium3+, 4+
66dysprosium3+
67holmium3+
68erbium3+
69thulium3+
70ytterbium3+
71lutetium3+
72hafnium4+
73tantalum5+
74tungsten6+
75rhenium2+, 4+, 6+, 7+
76osmium3+, 4+, 6+, 8+
77iridium3+, 4+, 6+
78platinum2+, 4+, 6+
79gold1+, 2+, 3+
80mercury1+, 2+
81thallium1+, 3+
82lead2+, 4+
83bismuth3+
84polonium2+, 4+
85astatine?
86radon0
87francium–
88radium2+
89actinium3+
90thorium4+
91protactinium5+
92uranium3+, 4+, 6+
93neptunium3+, 4+, 5+
94plutonium3+, 4+, 5+
95americium3+
96curium3+
97berkelium3+
98californium3+
99einsteinium3+
100fermium3+
101mendelevium3+
102nobelium3+
103lawrencium3+

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Jyoti Bashyal

Jyoti Bashyal is a Ph.D. student in the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology at the University of New Mexico, USA. Her research explores how proteins change their shape and behavior in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. She is interested in how small molecular changes can push a protein away from its healthy role and toward disease, and what those changes reveal about how neurons stay healthy. Her work combines protein biochemistry, chemical biology, and computational tools, building on her earlier research in organic and computational chemistry in Nepal. Outside the lab, she is a dedicated science communicator who loves making complex concepts approachable and engaging. Through writing and teaching, she hopes to spark curiosity about science in students everywhere, especially those who have not yet had the chance to see research up close. Her goal is to connect fundamental discoveries about proteins to real-world understanding of disease and help others see the power and beauty of science in action.

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