Jyoti Bashyal 
When a material is combined with a solvent, various outcomes are possible. The substance’s solubility, which is defined as the solute’s highest achievable concentration, is what determines the outcome. The solubility rules aid in determining which compounds are soluble and … Read more
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is a buffer solution extensively used in biological research for immunohistochemistry (IHC) screening. PBS is a water-based salt solution including sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, and, in certain situations, potassium chloride as well as potassium dihydrogen … Read more
The word saline solution refers to a salt solution that may be made at home with widely available ingredients. The solution can be used to disinfect, sterilize, or do laboratory work. This recipe makes a normal salt solution, which is … Read more
Different molecules or compounds are formed based on the fundamental structural properties. The bond angles is one such measure. It is an important characteristic because if the angle between the bonded electrons or atoms is improper, the atom becomes unstable … Read more
London dispersion forces are a transitory attraction between two atoms that are adjacent. The electrons of one atom are unsymmetrical, resulting in a temporary dipole. This dipole induces an induced dipole in the other atom, resulting in the attraction between … Read more
Lithium aluminum hydride (LAH) is a reagent used widely in organic synthesis for reduction. LAH reacts strongly with H2O in an exothermic reaction that results in the potentially harmful release of H2 gas. LAH also quickly interacts with protic solvents. … Read more
A carbocation is a positively charged carbon atom that is cation. Carbocations are intermediates in many organic processes. They are typically unstable and short-lived, but can be sustained by resonance or nearby functional groups that can contribute electron density. Continue … Read more
Enolates have an essential role as organic reactive intermediates. They have the properties of both alkoxide and carbanion. Enolates may be made from carbonyl compounds like aldehydes and ketones by protonating the oxygen atom and then deprotonating the alpha-carbon atom. … Read more
The pKa value of a molecule describes its acidity. A pKa table simplifies pKa values. It determines an acid’s strength by how firmly a proton is retained by a Bronsted acid. The lower the pKa value, the more powerful the … Read more