Solubility Rules
When a material is combined with a solvent, various outcomes are possible. The substance’s solubility, which is defined as the solute’s highest achievable concentration, is what determines the outcome. The … Read more
Jyoti Bashyal
How to prepare Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)?
Phosphate buffered saline (PBS) is a buffer solution extensively used in biological research for immunohistochemistry (IHC) screening. PBS is a water-based salt solution including sodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, and, … Read more
How to prepare a Saline Solution?
The word saline solution refers to a salt solution that may be made at home with widely available ingredients. The solution can be used to disinfect, sterilize, or do laboratory … Read more
Bond Angles: Molecular Shapes, Factors, Examples
Different molecules or compounds are formed based on the fundamental structural properties. The bond angles is one such measure. It is an important characteristic because if the angle between the … Read more
London Dispersion Forces: Definition, Examples, Formula
London dispersion forces are a transitory attraction between two atoms that are adjacent. The electrons of one atom are unsymmetrical, resulting in a temporary dipole. This dipole induces an induced … Read more
Lithium Aluminum Hydride: Structure, Properties, Applications
Lithium aluminum hydride (LAH) is a reagent used widely in organic synthesis for reduction. LAH reacts strongly with H2O in an exothermic reaction that results in the potentially harmful release … Read more
Carbocation Stability: Definition, Factors, Order
A carbocation is a positively charged carbon atom that is cation. Carbocations are intermediates in many organic processes. They are typically unstable and short-lived, but can be sustained by resonance … Read more
Enolates and Formation of Enolates
Enolates have an essential role as organic reactive intermediates. They have the properties of both alkoxide and carbanion. Enolates may be made from carbonyl compounds like aldehydes and ketones by … Read more
pKa Table of Common acids
The pKa value of a molecule describes its acidity. A pKa table simplifies pKa values. It determines an acid’s strength by how firmly a proton is retained by a Bronsted … Read more