Kabita Sharma 
Because the positive charge of each atom’s nucleus is balanced by the negative charge of its outer electrons, a molecule is neutral. The movement of electrons from one region of the molecule to another causes the separation of positive and … Read more
Adsorption is a surface phenomenon that involves the accumulation of molecular species on the surface rather than within the bulk of a solid or liquid. A substance that accumulates on the surface of another substance is called adsorbate. For instance, … Read more
The Grignard reagent is an organomagnesium compound with the chemical formula R – MgX, where R represents an alkyl or aryl group and X represents a halogen. In general, they are synthesized by reacting an alkyl or aryl halide with magnesium … Read more
Halogenation of alkane involves the replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms in organic compounds by halogen atoms (like F, Cl, Br, I). It is the simple substitution reaction in which a C – H bond is broken and a … Read more
The p-block elements with higher atomic numbers [e.g., Ga, In, Tl (Gr IIIA), Ge, Sn, Pb (Gr IVA), and As, Sb, Bi (Gr VA)], display two oxidation states they are: Higher oxidation states (Group oxidation states) These are equal to … Read more
The atomic radius of an element is the typical distance from the center of the nucleus to the boundary surrounding the electron cloud. Since the boundary is not a well-defined entity, there are various nonequivalent definitions of atomic radius. According … Read more
Electron affinity is the energy released when an electron is added to a neutral, gaseous, and isolated atom in its ground state to form a monovalent anion. It is a quantitative measurement of the energy change caused by adding a … Read more
These are the compounds in which the central atom lacks eight electrons in its valence shell or possesses eight electrons but can expand the valency due to the presence of valence d-orbital. In short, electron-deficient compounds lack the electrons required … Read more
Aluminium is a noncorrosive lightweight silvery-white metal. It is included in the boron group (Group III a) in the periodic table. Aluminium is the most abundant metallic element on earth accounting for about 8% of the earth’s crust. It can … Read more