Kabita Sharma 
Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC, formerly known as “fast performance liquid chromatography”) is a type of medium-pressure chromatography that was developed to purify proteins with high resolution and reproducibility. This approach employs a pump to keep the flow of the … Read more
Hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC) is a technique used for separating particles based on their size, enabling the measurement of particle size distributions within the 20 – 1,000 nm range. This method expands the capability of traditional size exclusion chromatography to handle … Read more
Adsorption chromatography is a form of chromatography in which the constituents of a mixture are separated via adsorption. The process by which molecules or particles of material adhere to the surface of a liquid or solid substance known as an … Read more
Homogenizers are a kind of mixers that combine, emulsify, disperse, and dissolve liquid-liquid and solid-liquid systems by the use of mechanical forces. Homogenizers are industrial, benchtop, and laboratory instruments that are utilized in many different fields of study and industry. … Read more
Sir Isaac Newton initially identified seven colors of the rainbow: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. However, in contemporary conventions, the commonly acknowledged list tends to simplify, leaving out indigo and recognizing six colors: red, orange, yellow, green, … Read more
A gas is a form of matter characterized by its lack of a definite shape and volume. Gases exhibit lower density compared to solids and liquids, and their particles possess substantial kinetic energy while displaying minimal attraction to each other. … Read more
A liquid represents one of the fundamental states of matter, characterized by particles that possess the ability to flow. While maintaining a definite volume, a liquid lacks a fixed shape. These liquids are composed of atoms or molecules held together … Read more
A solid is the state of matter. Solids have fixed shapes and sizes. In any compound, intermolecular forces of attraction and thermal force operate in opposite directions. The intermolecular force of attraction tends to keep the particles together while the … Read more
Aromaticity is the property of an organic compound. Aromatic compounds have high stability. In 1931, German chemist and physicist Erich Hückel developed a theory to help determine if a planar ring molecule would have aromatic characteristics. According to his rule, … Read more