Kabita Sharma 
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) is a measure of how much oxygen can be utilized by reactions in a given volume of a solution. Common units of measurement include milligrams per … Read more
The amount of oxygen needed by bacteria and other microorganisms to break down organic matter in an aerobic environment is known as the biochemical oxygen demand. Although it is commonly … Read more
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a highly sensitive separation technique that has been primarily developed based on the concept of high-performance liquid chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and electrophoretic methods. The use of … Read more
Chromatography is a technique for separating a mixture of components into their constituents by distributing them in equilibrium between two phases, the stationary phase, and the mobile phase. The basis for the … Read more
Nanosensors are devices with a characteristic dimension of just a few nanometers, they function similarly to regular sensors in that they detect minute quantities and transform them into signals that must … Read more
Ion chromatography (IC) is a separation technique that exhibits several similarities with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). However, IC also possesses distinct characteristics, such as its principle of separation and modes … Read more
The X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer is an analytical instrument that employs X-ray technology to perform routine and minimally invasive chemical analyses of various geological materials such as rocks, minerals, sediments, … Read more
Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) utilizes a mobile phase consisting of fluid in the supercritical state. As a result of this phenomenon, there are enhancements observed in the isolation of thermolabile … Read more
Potentiometry is an electrochemical method that measures the electrical potential between two electrodes immersed in the solution to be analyzed. The necessary equipment for potentiometry consists of a potential measurement … Read more