Kabita Sharma 
Surfactants are surface active agents, which means “active on the surface.” Surfactant reduces surface and interfacial tension by adsorbing to surfaces and interfaces. “interface” refers to the link between two immiscible phases, while “surface” refers to a gas, such as air. Surfactants … Read more
An ELISA plate reader is a specialized equipment that measures the fluorescence, chemiluminescence, or chromogenic response in an ELISA experiment performed on a 96-well plate. The ELISA reader is designed to work with conventional 96-well plates, which are the most … Read more
A laboratory apparatus known as a magnetic stirrer is utilized to generate a rotating magnetic field, commonly employed for stirring and mixing solutions in a range of scientific contexts including chemistry, biology, and biochemistry. In other words, it is a … Read more
Fire ecology is a specialized branch of ecology that delves into the origins of wildland fires and their intricate relationship with the surrounding environment, encompassing both living and non-living elements. A wildland fire is broadly categorized as any fire transpiring … Read more
In many laboratories, a hot air oven is one kind of heat sterilizing apparatus. Hot air ovens eliminate bacteria and bacterial spores by heating food to extremely high levels for several hours. By heating an object’s exterior surfaces, which the … Read more
The biological function of magnesium (Mg), an alkaline earth metal with a silvery-white color, is of high importance in our body. The body uses magnesium (Mg2+) for many processes, including bone development, neuromuscular function, signaling pathways, energy storage and transfer, … Read more
The biological function of calcium is immense in our body. The human body contains the highest concentration of inorganic calcium, which is vital to numerous physiological functions. For example, Ca2+ functions as a messenger and mediator for cardiac, skeletal, and … Read more
The clinical application of potassium is immense in today’s world. Potassium, named after its Latin name “kalium,” which has an atomic number of 19, and the chemical symbol K. Potash, or potassium carbonate, is where potassium was first extracted (K2CO3). … Read more
Derived from the Latin name “natrium,” sodium is represented by the symbol Na and has the atomic number 11. Because sodium ions (Na+) are soluble in water, the seas contain huge amounts of these ions. Na+ is a component of … Read more