Jyoti Bashyal 
Transition metal complexes, also known as coordination complexes, are molecules with groups organized around a central metal ion. In some ways, these are similar to “lego-molecules,” as they can be easily constructed from smaller pieces and sometimes converted into new … Read more
Buffer solutions are also useful in chemical and biochemical processes where pH control is critical. A constant pH is required for many biological and chemical reactions to proceed. In these systems, buffers are extremely useful to maintain pH. Buffers are extremely … Read more
Environmental chemistry is the study of how chemicals interact with the environment and human health, including the impacts they have on the air, water, and soil. Environmental chemistry examines how chemicals; natural or synthetic—behave in the air, water, soils, and … Read more
Lanthanides are a set of 15 chemical elements whose atomic numbers range from 57 to 71. These are the elements in the periodic table’s f-block of period six. Each of these elements has one valence electron in the 5d shell. The … Read more
The periodic table elements are frequently classified into four groups: (1) main group elements, (2) transition metals, (3) lanthanides, and (4) actinides. Transition elements are elements found in Groups 3-12 of the periodic table (old groups IIA-IIB). The word refers … Read more
Lanthanide Contraction is an intriguing exception to examine in Chemistry. It is occasionally referred to as the Lanthanoid Contraction. It is applicable to the elements in the Periodic Table’s Lanthanide Series. The atomic numbers of the lanthanide series vary from 57 … Read more
Actinides are a group of fifteen metal elements with atomic numbers ranging from 89 to 103. The name of the series is derived from actinium, the element that appears at the start of the series. Chemically, each member of the … Read more
In the context of actinide and lanthanide contraction, “contraction” refers to “the decrease in size” as the atomic number rises. As a result, actinide contraction describes the same phenomenon with chemical elements in the actinide series, but lanthanide contraction refers … Read more
Bond enthalpy, also referred as (bond energy, bond-dissociation enthalpy, average bond energy, or bond strength) is a quantity that provides information about the strength and, by extension, the stability of a chemical bond. The environment has an impact on bond … Read more